Mukutsvaga kuchengetedza, ma sensors ari kuderedza kutenderera nguva, kushandiswa kwesimba uye tsvina, automating yakavharwa-loop process control control uye kuwedzera ruzivo, kuvhura mikana mitsva yekugadzira nekugadzira uye zvimiro.#sensors #sustainability #SHM
Sensors kuruboshwe (kumusoro kusvika kuzasi): kupisa flux (TFX), in-mold dielectrics (Lambient), ultrasonics (Yunivhesiti yeAugsburg), dielectrics inoraswa (Synthesites) uye pakati pepennies uye thermocouples Microwire (AvPro) .Magirafu (pamusoro, clockwise): Collo dielectric constant (CP) maringe neCollo ionic viscosity (CIV), resin kuramba zvichienderana nenguva (Synthesites) uye dhijitari modhi yecaprolactam yakaiswa preforms uchishandisa electromagnetic sensors (CosiMo project, DLR ZLP, University of Augsburg).
Sezvo indasitiri yepasi rose iri kuramba ichibuda mudenda reCCIDID-19, yave kukoshesa kusimudzira, izvo zvinoda kudzikisira kutambisa uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa (sesimba, mvura uye zvinhu). .Asi izvi zvinoda ruzivo.Kune macomposites, data iri rinobvepi?
Sezvinotsanangurwa muCW's 2020 Composites 4.0 akatevedzana ezvinyorwa, achitsanangura zviyero zvinodiwa kuvandudza chikamu chemhando uye kugadzirwa, uye masensa anodiwa kuti awane zviyero izvozvo, ndiyo nhanho yekutanga mukugadzira kwakangwara. ma sensors, heat flux sensors, fiber optic sensors, uye isiri-contact sensors inoshandisa ultrasonic uye electromagnetic waves-pamwe chete mapurojekiti anoratidza kugona kwavo (ona CW's online sensor content set). Chinyorwa ichi chinovaka pamusoro pechinyorwa ichi nekukurukura masensor anoshandiswa muzvinhu zvakaumbwa, mabhenefiti azvakavimbiswa uye matambudziko, uye mamiriro etekinoroji ari kusimukira. Zvinonyanya kukosha, makambani ari kusimukira sevatungamiriri mu iyo composites indasitiri iri kutoongorora uye kufamba munzvimbo ino.
Sensor network muCosiMo A network ye74 sensors - makumi mashanu nenomwe ari ma ultrasonic sensors akagadzirwa paYunivhesiti yeAugsburg (inoratidzwa kurudyi, madota ebhuruu akareruka mukumusoro nezasi mold halves) - anoshandiswa kuLid demonstrator yeT-RTM. kuumba CosiMo chirongwa che thermoplastic composite mabhatiri.Image credit: CosiMo project, DLR ZLP Augsburg, University of Augsburg
Chinangwa #1: Chengetedza mari. Iyo CW's Zvita 2021 blog, "Custom Ultrasonic Sensors yeComposite process Optimization and Control," inotsanangura basa kuYunivhesiti yeAugsburg (UNA, Augsburg, Germany) kugadzira network ye74 sensors iyo YeCosiMo. purojekiti yekugadzira EV bhatiri yekuvhara demonstrator (composite materials in smart transportation) Chikamu chinogadzirwa uchishandisa thermoplastic resin transfer molding. (T-RTM), iyo inoita kuti caprolactam monomer in situ iite polyamide 6 (PA6) composite.Markus Sause, Purofesa kuUNA uye Musoro weUNA's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Production Network muAugsburg, anotsanangura kuti sei ma sensors akakosha: mukana mukuru watinopa kuona kwezviri kuitika mukati mebhokisi dema panguva yekugadzirisa. Parizvino, vagadziri vazhinji vane mashoma masisitimu ekuita izvi. Semuenzaniso, vanoshandisa masensa akareruka kana chaiwo kana vachishandisa resin infusion kugadzira zvikamu zvakakura zvemuchadenga. Kana iyo infusion process ikatadza, iwe unotova nechidimbu chikuru chezvimedu. Asi kana uine mhinduro dzekunzwisisa kuti chii chakakanganisika mukugadzira uye nei, unogona kuzvigadzirisa nekuzvigadzirisa, zvichikuchengetedza mari yakawanda. "
Thermocouples muenzaniso we "nyore kana chaiwo sensor" iyo yakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore kutarisa kutonhora kwecomposite laminates panguva ye autoclave kana oven curing.Idzo dzinotoshandiswa kudzora tembiricha muovheni kana kupisa magumbeze kurapa composite kugadzirisa zvigamba uchishandisa. Thermal bonders.Vagadziri veResin vanoshandisa masensor akasiyana-siyana murabhoritari kutarisa shanduko mune resin viscosity nekufamba kwenguva uye tembiricha kugadzira mushonga. formulations.Chii chiri kubuda, zvisinei, inyanzvi yemagetsi inogona kuona uye kutonga maitiro ekugadzira mu situ zvichienderana nemiganhu yakawanda (semuenzaniso, kutonhora uye kudzvinyirira) uye mamiriro ezvinhu (semuenzaniso, viscosity, aggregation, crystallization).
Semuenzaniso, iyo ultrasonic sensor yakagadziridzwa yeprojekti yeCosiMo inoshandisa misimboti yakafanana neye ultrasonic inspection, iyo yave nhanho yekusaparadza bvunzo (NDI) yeakapedzwa composite zvikamu.Petros Karapapas, Principal Engineer paMeggitt (Loughborough, UK), akati: "Chinangwa chedu ndechekudzikisira nguva uye basa rinodiwa pakuongorora mushure mekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvenguva yemberi apo isu takanangana nekugadzira dhijitari." Materials Center (NCC, Bristol, UK) kubatana kuratidza kutariswa kweSolvay (Alpharetta, GA, USA) EP 2400 mhete panguva yeRTM uchishandisa mutsara dielectric sensor yakagadzirwa kuCranfield University (Cranfield, UK) Kuyerera uye kurapwa kweoxyresin kune 1.3 m kureba, 0.8 m yakafara uye 0.4 m yakadzika composite shell yekudziya injini yekutengeserana exchanger. "Patakatarisa magadzirirwo egungano akakura ane goho repamusoro, takatadza kuita ongororo dzese dzechinyakare mushure mekugadzirisa uye kuyedza pachikamu chese," Karapapas akadaro. "Parizvino, tinogadzira mapaneru ebvunzo pedyo izvi zvikamu zveRTM wobva waita mekiniki yekuyedza kusimbisa kutenderera kwekurapa. Asi neiyi sensor, izvo hazvina basa. "
Iyo Collo Probe inonyudzwa mumudziyo wekusanganisa pendi (yegirini denderedzwa kumusoro) kuona kana kusanganisa kwapera, kuchengetedza nguva nesimba.Image credit: ColloidTek Oy
“Chinangwa chedu hachisi chekuva mumwe mudziyo wemurabhoritari, asi kutarisa masisitimu ekugadzira,” anodaro Matti Järveläinen, CEO uye muvambi weColloidTek Oy (Kolo, Tampere, Finland). The CW January 2022 blog "Fingerprint Liquids for Composites" inoongorora Collo's musanganiswa we electromagnetic field (EMF) sensors, signal processing uye data analysis kuyera "fingerprint" yechero mvura yakadai. monomers, resins kana adhesives . "Zvatinopa inyanzvi itsva inopa mhinduro dzakananga munguva chaiyo, kuitira kuti iwe unzwisise zviri nani kuti maitiro ako ari kunyatsoshanda sei uye unoita sei kana zvinhu zvisina kunaka," anodaro Järveläinen. "Masensi edu anoshandura real- data yenguva muhuwandu hunonzwisisika uye hunogona kuita hwemuviri, senge rheological viscosity, iyo inobvumira maitiro ekugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, unogona kupfupisa nguva dzekusanganisa nekuti unogona kuona zvakajeka kana kusanganisa kwapera. Naizvozvo, neIwe unogona kuwedzera kubereka, kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza zvimedu zvichienzaniswa nekushomeka kwekugadzirisa. "
Chinangwa #2: Wedzera ruzivo rwemaitiro uye kuona.Nezvezvirongwa zvakaita sekuunganidza, Järveläinen anoti, "Hauoni ruzivo rwakawanda kubva muchidimbu. Uri kungotora sample wopinda mulab wotarisa zvazvanga zvakaita maminetsi kana maawa apfuura. Zvakafanana nekutyaira mumugwagwa mukuru, awa imwe neimwe Vhura maziso ako kweminiti uye edza kufanotaura kuti mugwagwa uri kuenda kupi.” Sause anobvuma, achiona kuti sensor network yakagadzirwa muCosiMo "inotibatsira kuwana mufananidzo wakazara wemaitiro uye maitiro enyama. Isu tinogona kuona mhedzisiro yenzvimbo mukuita, mukupindura Kusiyanisa muchikamu ukobvu kana zvakabatanidzwa zvinhu zvakaita sefoam core. Zvatiri kuedza kuita kupa ruzivo pamusoro pezviri kunyatsoitika mukuumbwa. Izvi zvinotitendera kuti titarise ruzivo rwakasiyana senge chimiro chekuyerera kumberi, kusvika kwechimwe chikamu chenguva uye dhigirii rekuunganidza panzvimbo yega yega sensor. "
Collo inoshanda nevagadziri ve epoxy adhesives, pendi uye kunyange doro kugadzira maprofiles ega ega ega anogadzirwa.Iye zvino mugadziri wese anogona kuona dynamics yemaitiro avo uye kuisa mamwe optimized parameters, ane nyevero dzekupindira kana mabheti abuda kunze kwekutsanangurwa.Izvi zvinobatsira. kudzikamisa nekuvandudza kunaka.
Vhidhiyo yekuyerera kumberi muchikamu cheCosiMo (jekiseni rekupinda ndiro doti jena pakati) sebasa renguva, zvichibva pachiyero che data kubva kune in-mold sensor network.Image credit: CosiMo project, DLR ZLP Augsburg, University of Augsburg
"Ini ndinoda kuziva zvinoitika panguva yekugadzira chikamu, kwete kuvhura bhokisi uye kuona zvichaitika mushure," anodaro Meggitt's Karapapas." Zvigadzirwa zvatakagadzira tichishandisa ma sensor eCranfield dielectric akatibvumira kuona in-situ maitiro, uye takakwanisawo. kuratidza kupora kweresin." Kushandisa ese marudzi matanhatu ema sensors anotsanangurwa pazasi (kwete runyoro rwakakwana, kungoita diki kusarudzwa, vatengesi, zvakare), vanogona kutarisa kurapa / polymerization uye resin kuyerera.Mamwe ma sensor ane mamwe masimba, uye akasanganiswa ma sensor marudzi anogona kuwedzera kuteedzera uye kuona. panguva yekuumbwa kwecomposite.Izvi zvakaratidzwa panguva yeCosiMo, iyo yakashandisa ultrasonic, dielectric uye piezoresistive in-mode sensors yekushisa uye kudzvinyirira kuyerwa ne. Kistler (Winterthur, Switzerland).
Chinangwa #3: Deredzai kutenderera nguva.Collo sensors inogona kuyera kufanana kwezvikamu zviviri zvinokurumidza kuporesa epoxy sezvo zvikamu A uye B zvinosanganiswa uye zvinoiswa jekiseni panguva yeRTM uye panzvimbo imwe neimwe mune mold iyo ma sensor akadaro anoiswa.Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kugonesa kukurumidza kurapa resins yezvishandiso zvakaita seUrban Air Mobility (UAM), iyo yaizopa kukurumidza kurapwa kutenderera kana ichienzaniswa neazvino-chikamu epoxies seRTM6.
Collo sensors inogonawo kutarisa uye kuona epoxy ichibviswa, jekiseni uye kurapwa, uye kana imwe neimwe nzira yapera.Kupedza kurapa uye mamwe maitiro anoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ezvinhu ari kugadziriswa (zvichienderana nemazuva echinyakare uye tembiricha mabikirwo) inonzi material state management. (MSM). Makambani akadai seAvPro (Norman, Oklahoma, USA) anga achitsvaga MSM kwemakumi emakore kuti atarise shanduko muchikamu chemidziyo uye maitirwo sezvo ichiteedzera zvakanangwa zvegirazi. shanduko yekushisa (Tg), viscosity, polymerization uye / kana crystallization .Semuyenzaniso, network ye sensors uye kuongororwa kwedhijitari muCosiMo yakashandiswa kuona nguva shoma inodiwa kupisa RTM press uye mold uye yakawana kuti 96% yepamusoro. polymerization yakaitwa mumaminitsi 4.5.
Dielectric sensor suppliers vakaita seLambient Technologies (Cambridge, MA, USA), Netzsch (Selb, Germany) uye Synthesites (Uccle, Belgium) vakaratidzawo kugona kwavo kuderedza nguva yekutenderera.Synthesites' R&D chirongwa nevagadziri vecomposites Hutchinson (Paris, France) ) uye Bombardier Belfast (yava kunzi Spirit AeroSystems (Belfast, Ireland)) inoshuma izvozvo zvichibva pane-chaiyo-nguva. zviyero zvekupikisa resin uye tembiricha, kuburikidza neOptimold data acquisition unit uye Optiview Software inoshandura kune inofungidzirwa viscosity uye Tg. "Vagadziri vanogona kuona Tg munguva chaiyo, saka vanogona kusarudza nguva yekumisa kurapa," anotsanangura Nikos Pantelelis, Mutungamiriri of Synthesites.“Havafanire kumirira kuti vapedze kutenderera kwekutakura kurefu kupfuura zvakakodzera. Semuyenzaniso, chinyakare kutenderera kweRTM6 kurapa kwemaawa maviri kuzere pa180°C. Isu taona kuti izvi zvinogona kupfupikiswa kusvika kumaminitsi makumi manomwe mune mamwe majeometri. Izvi zvakaratidzwawo muchirongwa cheINNOTOOL 4.0 (ona "Accelerating RTM with Heat Flux Sensors"), uko kushandiswa kwemhepo inopisa inopisa kwakapfupisa RTM6 kurapa kutenderera kubva pamaminitsi e120 kusvika kumaminitsi makumi mapfumbamwe.
Chinangwa #4: Yakavharwa-loop control yeadaptive process.KuCosiMo purojekiti, chinangwa chekupedzisira ndechekuita otomatiki yakavharwa-loop control panguva yekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakaumbwa.Ichi ndicho zvakare chinangwa cheZAero uye iComposite 4.0 mapurojekiti akashumwa neCW mu. 2020 (30-50% kuderedzwa kwemutengo) .Cherechedza kuti izvi zvinosanganisira maitiro akasiyana - automated placement ye prepreg tape (ZAero) uye fiber spray preforming zvichienzaniswa nekumanikidza kwakanyanya. T-RTM muCosiMo yeRTM ine kukurumidza kuporesa epoxy (iComposite 4.0) . Zvose izvi mapurojekiti anoshandisa sensors ane digital models uye algorithms kuenzanisa nzira uye kufanotaura kuguma kwechikamu chakapedzwa.
Kutonga kwemaitiro kunogona kufungidzirwa sematanho akatevedzana, Sause akatsanangura.Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekubatanidza masensa uye michina yekugadzira, akadaro, "kuona zviri kuitika mubhokisi dema uye paramita yekushandisa. Mamwe matanho mashoma, pamwe hafu yeakavharwa-loop control, ari kukwanisa kusundira bhatani rekumisa kuti apindire, Tune maitiro uye kudzivirira zvikamu zvakarambwa. Sedanho rekupedzisira, unogona kugadzira mapatya edhijitari, anogona kuve otomatiki, asi zvinodawo kudyara mumichina yekudzidza nzira. " MuCosiMo, mari iyi inoita kuti ma sensors ape data mudhijitari mapatya, ongororo yeEdge (kuverenga kunoitwa kumucheto kwemutsara wekugadzira maringe nekuverenga kubva pakati data repository) inozoshandiswa kufanotaura kuyerera kumberi kwemasimba, fiber vhoriyamu yemukati pane machira preform. nenzvimbo dzinogona kuoma. ”Zvakanaka, unogona kuseta zvigadziriso zvekugonesa kuvharika-loop kutonga uye kugadzirisa mukuita," Sause akadaro. tembiricha. Unogonawo kushandisa ruzivo urwu kukwenenzvera mashoko ako.”
Mukuita izvi, makambani ari kushandisa masensa kuti aite maitiro.Semuyenzaniso, Synthesites iri kushanda nevatengi vayo kubatanidza masensa nemichina yekuvhara resin inlet kana infusion yapera, kana kubatidza kupisa kupisa kana chinangwa chekurapa chawanikwa.
Järveläinen anocherekedza kuti kuti uone kuti ndeipi sensor yakanakira nyaya yega yega yekushandisa, "iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti ndedzipi shanduko mune zvinyorwa uye maitiro aunoda kutarisa, uyezve unofanirwa kuve neanalyzer." Analyzer inowana iyo data yakaunganidzwa neanobvunzurudza kana data yekutora data. data raw uye rinoshandura kuti rive ruzivo runoshandiswa nemugadziri. "Unoona chaizvo makambani akawanda achibatanidza masensa, asi ipapo hapana zvaanoita nedata," akadaro Sause.Chii chinodiwa, akatsanangura, "hurongwa. yekutora data, pamwe nedhizaini yekuchengetedza data kuti ikwanise kugadzirisa iyo data. "
“Vashandisi vekupedzisira havangodi kuona data yakabikwa chete,” anodaro Järveläinen.” Vanoda kuziva kuti, ‘Magadzirirwo acho akagadziridzwa here?’” Nhanho inotevera ingatorwa riini?” Kuti uite izvi, unofanira kubatanidza masensor akawanda. kuti uongororwe, wobva washandisa muchina kudzidza kukurumidza kuita basa.” Iyi yekuongorora yemupendero uye nzira yekudzidza yemuchina inoshandiswa nechikwata cheCollo neCosiMo inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nemepu yeviscosity, manhamba emhando yeresin inoyerera kumberi, uye Iko kugona kwekupedzisira kudzora maparamita uye muchina unoonekwa.
Optimold is analyzer yakagadziridzwa neSynthesites kune ayo dielectric sensors.Inodzorwa neSynthesites' Optiview software, iyo Optimold unit inoshandisa tembiricha uye resin kuramba kuyerwa kuverenga uye kuratidza chaiyo-nguva magirafu kutarisa resin mamiriro anosanganisira mix ratio, kuchembera kwemakemikari, viscosity, Tg. uye dhigirii rekurapa.Inogona kushandiswa mu prepreg uye mvura yekugadzira maitiro.A yakaparadzana unit Optiflow inoshandiswa kuyerera. monitoring.Synthesites yakagadzirawo curring simulator isingade curring sensor mu mold kana chikamu, asi pachinzvimbo inoshandisa tembiricha sensor uye resin / prepreg samples mune ino analyzer unit. "Tiri kushandisa iyi yemazuva ano nzira yekupinza uye kurapa kwekunamira kwekugadzira blade turbine," akadaro Nikos Pantelelis, Director weSynthesites.
Synthesites process control system inobatanidza masensa, Optiflow uye/kana Optimold data acquisition units, uye OptiView uye/kana Online Resin Status (ORS) software.Chikwereti chemufananidzo: Synthesites, chakapepetwa neThe CW
Nokudaro, vatengesi vakawanda vanogadzira sensors vakagadzira ma analyzers avo, vamwe vachishandisa kudzidzira kwemichina uye vamwe kwete.Asi vagadziri vezvikamu vanogonawo kugadzira maitiro avo ega ega kana kutenga zvigadzirwa kubva pasherufu uye kuzvigadzirisa kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa.Zvisinei, analyzer chinhu chimwe chete chokufunga nezvacho.Kune zvimwe zvakawanda.
Kuonana kunokoshawo kufunga pakusarudza kuti ndeipi sensor yekushandisa.Iyo sensor inogona kunge ichida kusangana nezvinhu, mubvunzurudzo, kana zvose zviri zviviri.Semuenzaniso, kupisa kwekushisa uye ultrasonic sensors kunogona kuiswa mu RTM mold 1-20mm kubva. pamusoro - kutarisisa kwakaringana hakudi kubata nezvinhu zviri muforoma.Masensa eUltrasonic anogona zvakare kubvunzurudza zvikamu pakadzika kwakasiyana zvichienderana ne frequency yakashandiswa.Collo electromagnetic sensors inogonawo kuverenga kudzika kwe zvinwiwa kana zvikamu - 2-10 cm, zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekubvunzurudza - uye kuburikidza nemidziyo isiri-simbi kana zvishandiso zvinosangana neresin.
Zvisinei, magnetic microwires (ona "Non-contact monitoring of temperature and pressure within compposites") ndiyo chete ma sensors anokwanisa kubvunzurudza macomposites ari chinhambwe che 10 cm. Ndizvo nokuti inoshandisa electromagnetic induction kuti iite mhinduro kubva kune sensor, iyo yakadzikwa mune inoumbwa zvinhu.AvPro's ThermoPulse microwire sensor, yakadzikwa mune inonamira bond layer, yave inobvunzurudzwa kuburikidza ne 25mm gobvu kabhoni fiber laminate kuyera tembiricha panguva yekubatanidza maitiro.Sezvo ma microwire ane dhayamita ine mvere ye 3-70 microns, haikanganisi composite kana bondline performance.Pamadhayamita akati kurei e100-200 microns, fiber optic masensa anogonawo kuiswa pasina kushatisa structural properties.Zvisinei, nokuti anoshandisa chiedza kuyera, fiber optic sensors inofanira kuva ne wired connection. kune anobvunzurudza.Saizvozvowo, sezvo dielectric sensors dzinoshandisa voltage kuyera resin zvivakwa, dzinofanirawo kunge dzakabatanidzwa kune anobvunzurudza, uye mazhinji anofanirwa kunge achisangana neresin yavari kuongorora.
Iyo Collo Probe (yepamusoro) sensor inogona kunyudzwa mumvura, nepo Collo Plate (pasi) yakaiswa mumadziro emudziyo / kusanganisa mudziyo kana process piping / feed line.Image credit: ColloidTek Oy
Kugona kwekushisa kwe sensor ndiyo imwe pfungwa inokosha.Semuyenzaniso, vazhinji vari kure-the-shelf ultrasonic sensors vanowanzoshanda pakupisa kusvika ku150 ° C, asi zvikamu muCosiMo zvinoda kuumbwa pakupisa kunopfuura 200 ° C. Naizvozvo, UNA aifanira kugadzira ultrasonic sensor ine simba iri.Lambient's disposable dielectric sensors inogona kushandiswa pane imwe nzvimbo inosvika 350°C, uye inogona kushandiswazve. in-mold sensors inogona kushandiswa kusvika 250 ° C. RVmagnetics (Kosice, Slovakia) yakagadzira microwire sensor yayo ye composite zvinhu zvinokwanisa kumira kupora pa500 ° C. Nepo Collo sensor tekinoroji pachayo isina theoretical tembiricha inogumira, iyo ine hasha. girazi nhoo yeCollo Plate uye iyo nyowani polyetheretherketone (PEEK) imba yeCollo Probe zvese zvakaedzwa kuti zvirambe zviripo. basa pa150 ° C, maererano naJärveläinen.Zvichakadaro, PhotonFirst (Alkmaar, The Netherlands) yakashandisa polyimide coating kuti ipe tembiricha yekushanda ye350 ° C kune yayo fiber optic sensor yepurojekiti yeSuCoHS, kune inoenderera uye inodhura-inoshanda yakakwirira. -tembiricha inoumbwa.
Chimwe chinhu chekufunga, kunyanya kuisirwa, ndechekuti sensor inoyera pane imwe nzvimbo kana iine mutsara sensor ine mapoinzi akawanda ekunzwa.Semuyenzaniso, Com & Sens (Eke, Belgium) fiber optic sensors inogona kusvika ku 100 metres kureba uye inoratidzira kumusoro. kusvika ku40 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing points ine diki diki spacing ye 1 cm. Masensa aya akashandiswa pakuongororwa kwehutano hwehutano (SHM) 66-mita-yakareba mabhiriji anoumbwa uye resin kuyerera kwekutarisa panguva yekuiswa kwebhiriji decks.Kuisa ma sensor ega ega epurojekiti yakadai kunoda nhamba huru yemasensa uye yakawanda yekuisa nguva.NCC neCranfield University dzinoti mabhenefiti akafanana kune iwo linear. Dielectric sensors.Kuenzaniswa ne-single-point dielectric sensors inopihwa neLambient, Netzsch uye Synthesites, "Neyedu mutsara sensor, tinogona kutarisa resin kuyerera. zvichienderera mberi nekureba, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya Iyo nhamba ye sensors inodiwa muchikamu kana chishandiso. "
AFP NLR yeFiber Optic Sensors Chikamu chakakosha chinosanganiswa muchiteshi chechisere chemusoro weCoriolis AFP kuisa mana fiber optic sensor arrays mukupisa kwakanyanya, carbon fiber yakasimbisa composite test panel.Image credit: SuCoHS Project, NLR
Muchirongwa cheSuCoHS, Royal NLR (Dutch Aerospace Center, Marknesse) yakagadzira yakakosha unit yakabatanidzwa mu 8th chiteshi Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) musoro weCoriolis Composites (Queven, France) kuti ibatanidze mana arrays ( mutsara wefiber optic mitsara), imwe neimwe iine 5 kusvika 6 FBG sensors (PhotonFirst inopa huwandu hwemakumi maviri nematatu sensors), mukati Kabhoni fiber test panels.RVmagnetics yakaisa ma microwire sensors mu pultruded GFRP rebar. - muvambi weRVmagnetics. “Une microwire ine 1km microwire. coils of filament uye kuidyisa munzvimbo yekugadzira rebar pasina kushandura nzira iyo rebar inogadzirwa. " Zvichakadaro, Com&Sens iri kushanda paotomatiki tekinoroji yekumisikidza fiber-optic sensors panguva yefilament winding process mumidziyo yekumanikidza.
Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuitisa magetsi, carbon fiber inogona kukonzera matambudziko ne dielectric sensors.Dielectric sensors dzinoshandisa maelectrode maviri akaiswa pedyo nemumwe. "Kana mafibers akavhara ma electrode, anopfupisa-circuit sensor," anotsanangura kudaro Lambient muvambi Huan Lee. Muchiitiko ichi, shandisa sefa. ”Sefa inoita kuti resin ipfuure masensa, asi inoamisa kubva kucarbon fiber. Iyo linear dielectric sensor yakagadziridzwa neCranfield University neNCC inoshandisa nzira yakasiyana, kusanganisira mbiri dzakamonyoroka dzetambo dzemhangura.Kana magetsi akaiswa, munda wemagetsi unogadzirwa pakati petambo, iyo inoshandiswa kuyera resin impedance.Waya dzakaputirwa. ine insulating polymer iyo isingakanganise munda wemagetsi, asi inodzivirira kabhoni faibha kubva mukupfupika.
Hongu, mutengo inyaya zvakare.Com&Sens inotaura kuti avhareji yemutengo paFBG sensing point i50-125 euros, inogona kudonha kusvika kuma25-35 euros kana ikashandiswa mumabhechi (semuenzaniso, ye100,000 midziyo yekumanikidza). chidimbu chete chezvazvino uye zvinofungidzirwa kugadzirwa kwezvikepe zvinosanganiswa, ona CW's 2021 chinyorwa pahydrogen.) Meggitt's Karapapas anoti akagamuchira zvinopihwa zvefiber optic mitsara neFBG sensors avhareji ye£250/sensor (≈300€/sensor), anobvunzurudza akakosha mari inosvika £10,000 (€12,000)." waya yaunogona kutenga pasherufu,” akawedzera.” Mubvunzurudzo watinoshandisa,” anowedzera kudaro Alex Skordos, muverengi (mukuru. mutsvakurudzi) muComposites Process Science paCranfield University, "impedance analyzer, iyo yakanyatsojeka uye inodhura mari inosvika £30,000 [≈ €36,000], Asi NCC inoshandisa mubvunzurudzo ari nyore uyo ane kubva kukambani yekutengeserana Advise Deta [Bedford, UK]. Synthesites iri kutora €1,190 ye-in-mold sensors uye € 20 ye-single-use/part sensors MuEUR, Optiflow inotorwa paEUR 3,900 uye Optimold paEUR 7,200, ichiwedzera kuderedzwa kwemayuniti akawanda ekuongorora. Mitengo iyi inosanganisira Optiview software uye chero ipi zvayo. tsigiro inodiwa, akadaro Pantelelis, achiwedzera kuti vagadziri vemhepo vanochengetedza maawa 1.5 pakutenderera, wedzera. blades pamutsetse pamwedzi, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne20 muzana, nekudzoka pakudyara kwemwedzi mina chete.
Makambani anoshandisa majekiseni achawana mukana sezvo macomposites 4.0 dhijitari yekugadzira inoshanduka.Semuenzaniso, anodaro Grégoire Beauduin, Mutungamiriri weBusiness Development kuCom & Sens, "Sezvo vagadziri vezvikepe zvekumanikidzika vanoedza kuderedza uremu, kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye mari, vanogona kushandisa ma sensors edu kururamisa. magadzirirwo avo nekutarisa magadzirirwo avanenge vasvika padanho rinodiwa panosvika 2030. Masensa mamwe chete anoshandiswa kuongorora mazinga ekutambudzika mukati mezvikamu panguva yekufemesa filament. uye kurapa kunogona zvakare kutarisa kutendeseka kwetangi panguva yezviuru zverefueling kutenderera, kufanotaura kunodiwa kugadzirisa uye kudzoreredza pakupera kwehupenyu hwekugadzira. Tinokwanisa Dziva redhijitari redhijitari rinopihwa kune yega yega composite yekumanikidza ngarava inogadzirwa, uye mhinduro iri kugadzirwa setiraiti. "
Kugonesa mapatya edhijitari neshinda Com&Sens iri kushanda nemugadziri wecomposites kuti ashandise mafiber optic sensors ayo kugonesa kuyerera kwedhijitari kuburikidza nedhizaini, kugadzira uye sevhisi (kurudyi) kutsigira makadhi eID edhijitari anotsigira mapatya edijitari echikamu chimwe nechimwe (kuruboshwe) chakagadzirwa. Mufananidzo wechikwereti: Com & Sens uye Mufananidzo 1, "Engineering neDigital Threads" naV. Singh, K. Wilcox.
Saka, sensor data inotsigira mapatya edhijitari, pamwe chete neshinda yedhijitari inotenderera dhizaini, kugadzirwa, mashandiro ebasa uye kupera simba.Kana ikaongororwa uchishandisa huchenjeri hwekugadzira uye kudzidza kwemichina, iyi data inodzosera mukugadzira nekugadzirisa, kuvandudza mashandiro uye kusimba. yakashandurawo nzira iyo cheni dzekugovera dzinoshanda pamwe chete.Semuyenzaniso, mugadziri wekunamira Kiilto (Tampere, Finland) anoshandisa Collo sensors kubatsira vatengi vayo kudzora reshiyo yezvikamu A, B, nezvimwe mumidziyo yavo ine-multi-componesive adhesive mixing equipment.”Kiilto yava kukwanisa kugadzirisa maumbirwo ezvinonamira ayo kune vatengi vega,” anodaro Järveläinen, “asi zvinoitawo kuti Kiilto anzwisise kuti marezeni anopindirana sei mumaitiro evatengi, uye kuti vatengi vanodyidzana sei nazvo. zvigadzirwa zvavo, izvo zviri kuchinja kuti kupihwa kunoitwa sei. Maketani anogona kushanda pamwechete. "
OPTO-Chiedza inoshandisa Kistler, Netzsch uye Synthesites sensors kutarisa kurapwa kwe thermoplastic overmolded epoxy CFRP zvikamu.Chikwereti chemufananidzo: AZL
Masensor anotsigirawo zvinhu zvitsva zvitsva uye kusanganiswa kwemaitiro.Inotsanangurwa muCW's 2019 chinyorwa cheOPTO-Chiedza chirongwa (ona "Thermoplastic Overmolding Thermosets, 2-Minute Cycle, One Battery"), AZL Aachen (Aachen, Germany) inoshandisa nhanho mbiri. maitiro ekumanikidza zvakachinjika imwe chete Ku (UD) kabhoni faibha/epoxy prepreg, yobva yawedzera ine 30% mapfupi egirazi fiber yakasimbiswa PA6.Chinokosha ndechekungorapa zvishoma prepreg kuitira kuti reactivity yasara mu epoxy igone kugonesa bonding kune thermoplastic.AZL inoshandisa Optimold uye Netzsch DEA288 Epsilon analyzers ine Synthesites uye Netzsch dielectric sensors uye Kistler mu. -mold sensors uye DataFlow software yekugonesa jekiseni kuumba. ”Unofanirwa kuve nazvo kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwe prepreg compression molding process nekuti unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti unonzwisisa mamiriro ekurapa kuitira kuti uwane kubatana kwakanaka kune thermoplastic overmolding, "anotsanangura kudaro AZL muongorori Richard Schares. "Mune ramangwana, maitiro anogona kunge achichinjika uye ane hungwaru, kutenderera kwemaitiro kunokonzereswa nezviratidzo zve sensor."
Zvisinei, pane dambudziko guru, anodaro Järveläinen, “uye ndiko kusanzwisisa kwevatengi pamusoro pekubatanidza masensa aya akasiyana mumaitiro avo. Makambani mazhinji haana masensor nyanzvi. ” Parizvino, nzira yekuenda mberi inoda vanogadzira sensor uye vatengi Shandura ruzivo kumashure uye mberi.Masangano akadai seAZL, DLR (Augsburg, Germany) neNCC vari kugadzira hunyanzvi hwemasensor akawanda.Sause akati kune mapoka mukati meUNA, pamwe nekutenderera Akawedzera kuti Augsburg AI yekugadzira network yakahaya nzvimbo ye7,000-square-metres nekuda kwechinangwa ichi, "kuwedzera. CosiMo's budiriro purani kune yakakura kwazvo chiyero, kusanganisira akabatana otomatiki maseru, uko vanodyidzana mumaindasitiri vanogona Kuisa michina, kuita mapurojekiti uye kudzidza kubatanidza mhinduro itsva dzeAI. "
Carapappas akataura kuti Meggitt's dielectric sensor demonstration paNCC yaingova danho rekutanga mune izvozvo. zvinodiwa uye zvinhu zvipi zvekuhodha. Digital automation inovandudza. "
Tikugashirei kuSourceBook yepamhepo, inoenderana neCompositesWorld yepagore kudhindwa edition yeSourceBook Composites Indasitiri Mutengi's Guide.
Mweya AeroSystems Inoshandisa Airbus Smart Dhizaini yeA350 Center Fuselage uye Front Spars muKingston, NC.
Nguva yekutumira: May-20-2022
